网络请求

python3.x

# encoding=utf8
import json
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import logging

def post_inform(url, content_text):
    url = url
    data = json.dumps(content_text)
    data = bytes(data, 'utf8')
    print(data)
    headers = {"Content-Type":'application/json'}
    req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=headers, data=data)
    try:
        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()
        print(resp.decode('utf-8'))
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error(e)
        print(e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = 'www.baidu.com'
    data = {'key1': value1, 'key2': 'value2'}
    inform_markdown(url, data)

python2.x

urllib、urllib2

import urllib2

user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'


req = urllib2.Request(
    url="http://127.0.0.1:4040",
    data={"msg":"1"},
    headers={ 'User-Agent' : user_agent } 
    )

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import urllib2
import urllib
 
 
url_ip = 'http://httpbin.org/ip'
url_get = 'http://httpbin.org/get'

 
def use_simple_urllib2(url_ip):
    response = urllib2.urlopen(url_ip)
    print ('>>>>>>Response Headers:')
    print (response.info())
    print ('>>>Response Body:')
    print (''.join([line for line in response.readlines()]))
 
def use_params_urllib2(url_get):
    #构建请求参数
    params = urllib.urlencode({'param1':'hello', 'param2': 'world'})
    print ('Request Params:')
    print (params)
    #发送请求
    response = urllib2.urlopen('?'.join([url_get, '%s'])%params)
    #处理响应
    print ('>>>>>>Response Headers:')
    print (response.info())
    print '>>>Status Code:'
    print response.getcode()
    print ('>>>Response Body:')
    print (''.join([line for line in response.readlines()]))
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print ('>>>Use Simple urllib2:')
    use_simple_urllib2(url_ip)
    print 
 
    print '>>>Use params urllib2:'
    use_params_urllib2(url_get)

案例2

# encoding=utf8
import json
import urllib2
import urllib
import logging

def post_inform(url, content_text):
    url = url
    order_context = content_text
    method = "POST"
    handler = urllib2.HTTPHandler()
    opener = urllib2.build_opener(handler)
    data = json.dumps(order_context)
    print data
    request = urllib2.Request(url, data=data)
    request.add_header("Content-Type",'application/json')
    request.get_method = lambda: method
    try:
        connection = opener.open(request)
    except urllib2.HTTPError,e:
        logging.error(e)
        connection = e

        # check. Substitute with appropriate HTTP code.
    if connection.code == 200:
        data = connection.read()
        logging.info(data)
    else:
        logging.info(connection.code)

requests3

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
 
url_ip = 'http://httpbin.org/ip'
url_get = 'http://httpbin.org/get'
 
def use_simple_requests(url_ip):
    response = requests.get(url_ip)
    print ('>>>>>>Response Headers:')
    print (response.headers)
    print ('>>>Response Body:')
    print response.text
 
def use_params_requests(url_get):
    #构建请求参数
    params = {'param1':'hello', 'param2': 'world'}
    print ('Request Params:')
    print (params)
    #发送请求
    response = requests.get(url_get, params=params)
    #处理响应
    print ('>>>>>>Response Headers:')
    print (response.headers)
    print '>>>Status Code:'
    print response.status_code
    print response.reason
    print ('>>>Response Body:')
    print response.json()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print ('>>>Use Simple requests:')
    use_simple_requests(url_ip)
    print 
 
    print '>>>Use params requests:'
    use_params_requests(url_get)